PEA (Palmitoylethanolamide)
Endogenous amide: PPAR-α ↑, neuro-inflammation/pain ↓; moderate CIPN adjunct in lung/breast/colorectal/ovarian.
Forms: Ultra-micronized capsules (300-600 mg) · Co-micronized with luteolin (PEA-Lut)
Key Takeaway
Endogenous fatty-acid amide that activates PPAR-α to calm mast cells/microglia and reduce neuropathic pain; promising adjunct for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) with supportive human data.
Evidence at a glance
Neuropathy RCTs (diabetic > CIPN); VAS SMD -0.5 in meta; phase II CIPN signals; mechanistic glial data strong; ongoing trials in oxaliplatin/paclitaxel neuropathy.
How it may work
PEA binds/activates PPAR-α and engages the ‘ALIA’ mechanism (Autacoid Local Injury Antagonism) to inhibit mast-cell degranulation and microglial activation. Downstream, it lowers pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuronal hyperexcitability, easing allodynia/hyperalgesia. Studies show benefit in diabetic neuropathy and emerging signals in CIPN; ultra-micronized forms may improve bioavailability.
Targets & pathways
Curated mechanistic targets reported for this agent — how it may act on cells, not proof of a clinical effect.
- PPAR-α↑Activation for anti-inflammatory transcription
- Neuro-Inflammation↓Mast cell/microglia degranulation inhibition
- Neuropathic Pain↓Allodynia/hyperalgesia relief via ALIA
- Cytokines↓IL-6/TNF-α reduction
- Neuronal Excitability↓Hyperexcitability dampening
Often studied / combined with
Combinations reported in the literature, not a protocol or a recommendation.
- Duloxetine: Combo VAS reduction in CIPN phase II.
- Curcumin: Amplified PPAR-α/neuroprotection in models.
- Resveratrol: Cooperative microglial calming in diabetic neuropathy.
- Quercetin: Enhanced mast-cell stability in inflammation.
Overlapping mechanisms
- PPAR-α: Overlaps with fibrates; monitor lipids.
- Neuro-Inflammation: Redundant with minocycline; multimodal preferred.
Safety & interactions
Severity and how well-established each signal is are shown separately. Verify everything with your oncologist or pharmacist — absence here does not mean safe.
- sedativesMonitorLowTheoreticalAdditive calming effects.
- neuropathic analgesicsSynergizeLowTheoreticalEnhances duloxetine/gabapentin in CIPN.
- DuloxetineSynergizeLowTheoreticalImproved pain scores in combo trials.
Timing
- BID: Morning/evening for steady levels.
- With-food: If GI sensitive.
References
- PMC12189779: PEA in CIPN management
- PMC11674762: PPAR-α mechanisms in neuroprotection
- DOI 10.1177/26323524241266603: ALIA mechanism review
- DOI 10.1124/jpet.116.232306: Mast cell inhibition
- DOI 10.3390/nu13082654: Synergy with duloxetine in CIPN models
- PMC10221542: Combination with curcumin in neuroinflammation
Research
No published studies for PEA (Palmitoylethanolamide) yet
New studies appear here once they’ve been reviewed. Browse all studies.
Dose: as studied, not a recommendation
Ranges seen in adjunct / practice use: 600–1200 mg/day (po) divided BID; with or without food, CIPN adjunct 600-1200 mg/day um-PEA; start 300 mg BID; micronized for better absorption; 4-8 week trial..
Trials studying PEA (Palmitoylethanolamide)
Loading current trials from ClinicalTrials.gov… Search ClinicalTrials.gov →